The principle of heat treatment equipment and its common types

The principle of heat treatment equipment and its common types. Heat treatment equipment is actually a piece of equipment that we often use in our lives, and everyone will be familiar with them as long as they name them. Microwave ovens, ovens, and induction cookers are heat treatment equipment. Of course these are small household devices. Kehua will introduce you a large heat treatment equipment. 1. What is heat treatment equipment? Metal heat treatment is to heat the metal workpiece in a certain medium to a suitable temperature, and after maintaining it at this temperature for a certain period of time, it is cooled at different speeds by changing the surface or internal structure of the metal material. A process to control its performance. Heat treatment equipment 2. Principle of heat treatment equipment , or change the chemical composition of the workpiece surface to give or improve the performance of the workpiece. It is characterized by improving the intrinsic quality of the workpiece, which is generally not visible to the naked eye. In order to make the metal workpiece have the required mechanical properties, physical properties and chemical properties, in addition to the reasonable selection of materials and various forming processes, heat treatment process is often essential. Steel is the most widely used material in the machinery industry. The microstructure of steel is complex and can be controlled by heat treatment. Therefore, heat treatment of steel is the main content of metal heat treatment. In addition, aluminum, copper, magnesium, titanium, etc. and their alloys can also be heat treated to change their mechanical, physical and chemical properties to obtain different performance. Heat treatment equipment is the equipment for annealing, tempering, quenching, heating and other heat treatment process operations on the workpiece. 3. Common concepts 1. Normalizing: heating the steel or steel parts to the critical point Ac3 (for hypoeutectoid steel) or Accm (hypereutectoid steel) above 30 ℃ - 50 ℃, after holding for an appropriate time, in a free-flowing The heat treatment process for uniform cooling in air is normalizing. The structure after normalizing: hypoeutectoid steel is F+S, eutectoid steel is S, hypereutectoid steel is S+Fe3CⅡ The main difference between normalizing and complete annealing is cooling Faster, the purpose is to normalize the steel structure, also known as normalization. Heat treatment equipment 2. Annealing: heat the hypoeutectoid steel workpiece to 20-40 degrees above AC3, and after holding for a period of time, slowly cool with the furnace (or cool in sand or lime) to below 500 degrees and cool in air Heat treatment process 3. Solution heat treatment: The alloy is heated to a high temperature single-phase region and maintained at a constant temperature, so that the excess phase is fully dissolved into the solid solution, and then rapidly cooled to obtain a supersaturated solid solution. Heat treatment process 4. Aging: The alloy is subjected to solid solution heat treatment or After cold plastic deformation, its properties change with time when placed at room temperature or slightly higher than room temperature. 5. Solution treatment: fully dissolve various phases in the alloy, strengthen the solid solution and improve toughness and corrosion resistance, eliminate stress and softening, so as to continue processing and forming The strengthening phase is precipitated, hardened, and the strength is increased 8. Tempering: The quenched workpiece is heated to an appropriate temperature below the critical point AC1 for a certain period of time, and then cooled by a method that meets the requirements to obtain the required structure and properties of the heat treatment process 9. Carbon of steel Nitriding: Carbonitriding is the process of simultaneously infiltrating carbon and nitrogen into the surface of the steel. Traditionally, carbonitriding, also known as cyanidation, is widely used in medium-temperature gas carbonitriding and low-temperature gas carbonitriding (ie, gas soft nitriding). The main purpose of medium temperature gas carbonitriding is to improve the hardness, wear resistance and fatigue strength of steel. Low-temperature gas carbonitriding is mainly nitriding, and its main purpose is to improve the wear resistance and seizure resistance of steel. 10. Quenching and tempering treatment: Generally, the heat treatment that combines quenching and high temperature tempering is called quenching and tempering treatment. Quenching and tempering treatment is widely used in various important structural parts, especially those connecting rods, bolts, gears and shafts that work under alternating loads. After quenching and tempering treatment, the tempered sorbite structure is obtained, and its mechanical properties are better than the normalized sorbite structure with the same hardness. Its hardness depends on the high temperature tempering temperature and is related to the tempering stability of the steel and the size of the workpiece section, generally between HB200-350. 11. Brazing: a heat treatment process in which two workpieces are bonded together with solder. Kehua's introduction to heat treatment equipment is here. If you want to learn more professional knowledge, you can go to relevant training schools to learn professional skills. The heavy industry in China has great potential.